The advantage of shivering over other forms of muscle activity (like--

The advantage of shivering over other forms of muscle activity (like running) as a means of thermogenesis is
a. shivering increases ATP use and heat production without increasing heat loss due to convection.
b. with shivering all the energy expended is released as heat since no work is done.
c. shivering increases ATP use and heat production without increasing heat loss due to conduction.
d. shivering increases ATP use and heat production without increasing heat loss by either convection or conduction.
e. all of these.
E

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